A battery energy storage system (BESS) is an electrochemical unit that stores energy from the grid and then gives that energy at a later time to provide this energy.
Energy storage in lithium-ion batteries is considered one of the most efficient.
Commercial scale battery energy storage systems for managing electricity supply or providing services for the grid is a new solution gaining popularity. Its gaining popularity results from increasing needs for system flexibility, stability, and predictability for renewable power plants combined with rapid decreases in battery technology costs. As a result, there has been an increase in BESS’s significant role in grid systems in recent years.
And already now, with the development of BESS, various tasks can be solved. One of the tasks of BESS is to provide power loads during blackouts, which we will discuss in more detail in this article.
A battery energy storage system (BESS) is an electrochemical unit that stores energy from the grid and then gives that energy at a later time to provide this energy.
Energy storage in lithium-ion batteries is considered one of the most efficient.
Commercial scale battery energy storage systems for managing electricity supply or providing services for the grid is a new solution gaining popularity.
What to use BESS for:
Let’s consider in more detail the possibilities of using BESS with Backup. Why exactly do we single out BESS with Backup in a separate category? Because an energy storage system does not mean the possibility of grid-off operation in every case. Just as a solar power plant cannot generate electricity without a grid, and in fact, ensuring backup operation is not always necessary.
Systems that can work without a grid are more expensive.
Another challenge is that grid-off systems are quite unique, and previously there was a limited number of solutions that could be applied to the commercial sector. Certain industrial facilities were designed with equipment manufactured specifically for that facility.
With the development and demand for energy storage systems to solve problems in the residential sector, the commercial sector is starting to take this experience and scale it up.
Manufacturers, and developing technologies, have begun to offer energy storage system solutions with the possibility of partial or full grid-off mode.
What is the difference between BESS in the private sector, which is quite common, and the commercial sector? – In scale and responsibilities.
Solutions starting to be used in the commercial sector face new challenges arising from scaling – like fire protection, cooling, thermal runaway prevention, maintenance, etc.
With the development of BES and its various branches, we will soon be able to achieve significant progress in transforming renewable energy sources from non-guaranteed to guaranteed, which will reduce the impact of coal-fired power plants on the environment.
BESS consists of different parts, the main ones are:
Controlling such important parameters helps to avoid fire, overcharge, short circuits, imbalance, etc.
A properly designed BMS is a vital component of the battery energy storage system and ensures battery safety and long life in any lithium BESS.
Depending on the size of the system and its tasks, BESS may include such systems as heating, ventilation, air conditioning, monitoring, fire suppression, SCADA, etc. It is also possible to single out the quite frequent combination of BESS with renewable energy.
Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries are quite safe and widely distributed. They are used in many electrical devices to ensure their autonomous operation. However, the large battery capacity requires additional attention for maximum safety and long-term system use.
Lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery cells can experience a chemical reaction known as thermal runaway. It does not require oxygen or a visible flame if it occurs within a tightly packed cell assembly. If not addressed by system protection devices, this process can continue to drive up temperature and pressure until the battery cell ruptures, which in turn can release explosive gasses. If thermal runaway propagates tfhrough a module, flammable gasses may build up within the BESS, creating the conditions for an explosion to occur. Thermal runaway can also be caused by exposure to overheating from traditional fires.
It is important to note that a standard approach to minimizing conventional fires such as turning off ventilation and using clean fire suppression agents to cool or starve a fire of oxygen— may worsen the threat of an explosion by allowing explosive gas concentrations to increase. Thus, emergency systems and emergency response protocols should be designed to extinguish fires and ventilate enclosures, as needed, before entry.
We recommend including in your BESS (depending of the scale) the next system (NOTE: All system security measures must meet national standards and be designed by qualified engineers with appropriate certifications):
IMPORTANT DURING BATTERY ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEMS (BESS) EMERGENCIES
In the event of damage or fire involving battery energy storage systems (BESS):
Proper maintenance, keeping the batteries at the correct temperature, constant system calibration, monitoring, and data analysis will protect against damage and ensure optimal system operation and long life.
The main indicators that need to be continuously observed for successful maintenance:
Huawei BESS can be used to power electrical grids, support the grid’s reliability, and store excess electricity for later use.
This solution can be used to:
Based on Victron inverters equipment and Pylontech batteries, it is possible to build a BESS for small commercial facilities. Small and medium-sized systems with a power of up to 90 kW and a capacity of several MWh. Such systems are quite sufficient for small businesses, offices, and shops. Victron inverters allow you to build a system with backup that can feed-in power from PV to the grid, manage consumption, and store surplus energy.
DEYE hybrid inverters are built based on grid-on inverters, thanks to which it is possible to build a solar power plant with a storage system. The most powerful DEYE hybrid inverter is SUN-50K-SG01HP3-EU-BM4 with a power of 50 kW. These inverters can be connected up to 10 units in parallel, making it possible to build a 500 kW hybrid/grid-off plant. It is possible to connect up to several tens of MWh battery capacity to this station.
Author: Oleksandr Lashchenko, Technical Support UA
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